نشریه پژوهش های حقوقی انتظامی
پیاپی 4 (بهار 1400)

According Article 28 of the Criminal Procedure Code of 2014, agents are under supervision of the prosecutor in detecting crime, preserving works and collecting evidence of crime, detecting Crime and preventing escape and hiding of the accused, preliminary investigations, The issuance of bills and the execution of judicial decisions. The purpose of this study is investigate the role of Law Enforcement training on the implementation of judicial reference orders and their impact on fair trials and advancement of judicial goals.

The research method is applied in terms of purpose and is descriptive-analytical in terms of method.

Some law enforcement officers of the Islamic Republic of Iran have a significant role in the fair trial system as general judiciary officers. One of the most important components of the training of Police students is during the training courses on the implementation of judicial orders. In order to achieve the research goal, a questionnaire was prepared and provided to the statistical community. The statistical population of this study is educated people who are familiar with legal issues and jurisprudence who live in Tehran. At present, there is no precise information and statistics on the number of such individuals in Tehran, so the statistical community of this study was considered unlimited. The sample size was 384 by using the Cochran formula. To determine the reliability level of the questionnaire, which was a five-choice Likert scale, before the implementation, the sample was distributed among 15 people. The findings of the research show that among the components related to the training of Police staff, there are four components, namely: the obligation of the agents to execute the order of the prosecutor and other judicial authorities; the requirement for the perpetrators to obtain permission from the judicial authority regarding unknotted crimes; immediate dispatch to the investigator; The requirement for employees to report urgently to the prosecutor has a more important role than other components.

According to the findings of the research, it can be admitted that the training of the Police officials regarding the implementation of judicial reference orders plays an important role in fair trial and advancement of judicial goals.

The purpose of this research was to determine the pathology of civil rights training for NAJA personnel in the large police station squad of Tehran using FPSS. The research method in this descriptive study was survey type. The statistical population of this study was all of the experts and staff of Tehran's Police Chiefs of Staff. Using Crecy and Morgan Table, they were estimated to be 246 people. To collect information, a questionnaire based on the experts' knowledge, consisting of 31 questions, was used and its reliability was 0/877. Since the data were normal, for analyzing them, a confirmatory factor analysis test and one-sample t-test were used. Based on the results of this study, the next item was in an unfavorable condition and the damage was not appropriate in three aspects of the process, system and structure of the FPSS model. Based on Friedman's test results, process factors with the highest average rating, the most important variable, and then functional and system factors are important in the second and third ranks, respectively, and structural factors are in the next rank

The purpose of this article is to investigate the prosecution of military offenses in the legal system of Iran and the United Kingdom. The new law on the jurisdiction of military tribunals and the reforms and changes introduced in the post-revolutionary laws allowed to overcome the pre-revolutionary issues.

This paper is descriptive-analytic, and the required information is collected by library method.

This article deals with the eighth part of the Code of Criminal Procedure, passed in 2014, under the title of the Code of Criminal Procedure for the Armed Forces.

The results of the research and testing of hypotheses show that in the law of Iran, with the establishment of military courts, the jurisdiction to prosecute military offenses has been allocated to the military courts and the military intelligence authority has separated from the competent judicial authorities in public prosecution. In addition to the constitution, ordinary laws and regulations are also different from the point of view of the rules of procedure and the regime of penalties and international relations between military offenses and general crime. These crimes are in British law a crime that is carried out by the military to carry out a military duty, in which case the criterion for the determination of the crime, the personality will be committed, and the nature of the crime does not have a central role, and the offense of committing a crime It is a crime that can be carried out by ordinary people and a military offense is prosecuted in special military courts.

Role of a police court and observing and rights of citizen and law of criminal procedure law have been the most important fundamental laws in each country which an important part of criminal public order and criminal justice is carried out by it during the past 3 decades regulations of judicial system and criminal procedure law have been changed for several times.

In terms of objective, this Paper is an applied Research and in terms of Methodology, it is a descriptive-analytical study.

There is no doubt that passing law suitable criminal procedure law has a very important role to secure rights and freedom of citizen ship and guarantee to carry out justice and security judicial. The most important part of criminal procedure law approved in (2014) to follow right of citizen ship right is consist of a relationship between a parson and government.

The current law defines the responsibilities of all those who are referred to in Article 29 as judges, but in Article 30, in addition to mentioning those who are typically considered as litigious, it is considered necessary to acquire the skills and conduct the necessary training courses in order to obtain the title of judicial authority. And in order to assume the responsibilities of its customers, having a special card is required. The French legislator, with regard to the scope of their powers and their reinstatement from the prosecutor's office, has charged the prosecutor with the task of asking the prosecutor to provide legal support. In Article 58 of the French Criminal Procedure Law, this is the case. In the United States, the prosecutor must, if necessary, be present at the crime scene and be responsible for pursuing the situation. On the basis of the above, the judiciary has been interrogated by the prosecutor's office, and the rights of Iran, France and the United States of America have confirmed the support of the prosecutor's office to those under the jurisdiction of the judiciary, but these protections apply within the framework of the law.

The main prerequisite for the implementation of the order and security of each country is the power of ordering the country. One of the most effective components of order and security is the level of citizens' satisfaction, which is related to the way the actors exercise power. Considering the importance of the issue, the researcher conducted this research with the aim of identifying the impact of the citizenship rights of the border counties on the order and security of the border regions.

The research method is descriptive-analytical and information gathering tool, using library resources.

In order to fit the relevant components with the viewpoints of the experts, the subjects were evaluated using a survey method in the form of a questionnaire of 18 questions with a Likert scale and analyzed by SPSS software. To determine the reliability, the Cronbach's alpha formula was used and the effect of the functions In terms of points, it has been counted in six main axes. The sample consists of 127 elites and experts with a bachelor's degree in two disciplines (the first spectrum of elites and law enforcement experts and the second spectrum of elites, legal experts and a number of border guards to legal matters) that purposefully the whole population was selected and analyzed using appropriate statistical techniques and descriptive and inferential tests.

The dimensions of citizenship rights of border regions and compliance with the views of the respondents indicate that all the components considered on the basis of six axes are ranked as priorities: observance of citizenship rights of border guards at the stage of detection of border offenses; observance of the citizenship rights of unauthorized passports at the stage of arrest and detention; Complaint, events and border events; the status of border guards and their security and tranquility; informing, guidance and counseling of border guards about crimes and border events; and the assistance of border guards to those affected by border events and inconsistencies in the realization of citizenship rights.

The purpose of this study is to examine the civil liability of police officers as a legitimate defense. The developments in the Islamic Penal Code 2012 on legitimate defense and the examination of the issue in other legal systems (general) and explaining its role in civil liability of police officers make this research important and necessary.

This paper is descriptive-analytic, and the required information is collected by library method.

In terms of the bases, legitimate defense has a special place in jurisprudential sources. However, the late Sahib Jahar, Ibn Idris, Fadhil Hindi and Hagh Amali have referred to this category in various sources, and in the general system, the basis for the legitimate defense of police officers is based on the absolute and conditional exemptions based on the theory of sudden danger or essential defense it was discussed. Also, for the police to be exempted from civil liability, conditions such as the current or impending attack, the proportion of defense to the attack in the Iranian legal system, are common.

In addition, in the legal system, one of the basic requirements and determinants of judicial authorities is the rationale behind the defense of the use of power by police officers, which, like this one, can be found in the provisions of article 156 (b) of the Islamic Penal Code 2012.